1. Mai watsa labarai tace granular: babban ƙarfin farashi{1}} tacewa mai inganci
Kafofin watsa labarai masu tacewa shine mafi yawan amfani da nau'in watsa labarai na tacewa, wanda galibi yana tsarkake ruwa ta hanyar tallan jiki da tsangwama. Nau'o'in gama-gari sun haɗa da:
1). Yashi ma'adini: girman barbashi 0.5-1.2mm, mai ƙarfi acid da juriya na alkali, ƙarancin farashi, sau da yawa ana amfani da shi don pretreatment na ruwan sha da kuma najasa magani (koma zuwa "Manual Water Jiyya Technology Manual").
2). Carbon da aka kunna: ya kasu zuwa kwal da harsashi na kwakwa, tare da porosity na har zuwa 500-1500m²/g (tushen bayanai: Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka EPA), na iya adsorb kwayoyin halitta da karafa masu nauyi, masu dacewa da masu tsaftace ruwa da tsaftace iska.
3). Anthracite: ƙananan yawa (1.4{3}}1.6g/cm³), haɗe tare da yashi quartz don inganta aikin tacewa, galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin tankunan tacewa mai Layer-Layer.
Rashin hasara na kafofin watsa labarai na tacewa shine cewa yana da sauƙin haɗawa kuma yana buƙatar sakewa na yau da kullun, tare da tsawon rayuwar kusan shekaru 3-5.
2. Fiber tace abu: zaɓi na ingantaccen aiki mai kyau da tacewa
Fiber tace kayan an yi shi da abu mai sassauƙa tare da ingantaccen tacewa. Nau'o'in wakilci sune:
1). Polypropylene fiber: lalata -mai jurewa, ana iya sanya shi ya zama kashi na tace auduga na PP, girman pore 1{4}}10μm, ana amfani da shi kafin tace kayan tsabtace gida.
2). Gilashin fiber: high zafin jiki resistant ( Kasa da ko daidai da 280 digiri), sau da yawa amfani da masana'antu sharar gida magani, kamar ikon shuka desulfurization tsarin.
3). yumbu fiber: haɗe tare da barbashi da fiber halaye, karfi tasiri juriya, dace da high danko ruwa tacewa a cikin sinadaran masana'antu.
Rashin lahani na kayan tace fiber ba shi da ƙarfi, mai sauƙin karyewa bayan dogon lokaci{0}}, kuma yana buƙatar sauyawa akai-akai.
3. Kayan tace membrane da kayan da ke fitowa: aikace-aikacen fasaha na ci gaba
1). Kayan tace membrane:
- Microfiltration membrane (0.1-10μm): cire ƙwayoyin cuta da abubuwan da aka dakatar, kamar ƙarshen tacewa na masu tsabtace gida.
- Ultrafiltration membrane (0.01-0.1μm): na iya katse ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin aikin dialysis na likitanci (koma zuwa "Jagorar Aikace-aikacen Fasahar Rabuwar Membrane").
2). Porous ceramic filter media: High temperature resistant (>1000 digiri), mai jurewa lalata, amma tsada mai tsada, galibi ana amfani dashi don tsarkakewar iskar gas mai zafi a cikin masana'antar ƙarfe.
3). Sabbin kafofin watsa labarai masu tacewa: kamar graphene gyare-gyaren kafofin watsa labarai masu tacewa, ƙarfin talla yana ƙaruwa da fiye da sau 3 (binciken "Nature Materials" 2022), amma har yanzu ba'a tallata shi akan babban sikeli ba.
4. Yadda za a zabi kafofin watsa labarai masu kyau?
Cikakken kimantawa dangane da manufofin tacewa (kamar cire turbidity, haifuwa, canza launi), kaddarorin ruwa (ƙimar pH, zafin jiki) da kasafin kuɗi. Misali:
- Haɗin "yashi ma'adini + carbon da aka kunna" yawanci ana amfani dashi a cikin tsire-tsire na ruwa;
- Ruwa mai tsabta a cikin masana'antar lantarki yana buƙatar daidaita shi da kafofin watsa labarai na tace membrane;
- An fi son kafofin watsa labarai na tace yumbu don maganin iskar gas mai zafi mai zafi.
A nan gaba, yayin da ake inganta ka'idojin kare muhalli, babban{0}} ingantacciyar inganci da dogon lokaci{1}}wararrun hanyoyin tacewa za su zama abin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan bincike da ci gaba.